relief image of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation, above it along the edge – the inscription in a semicircle "RUSSIAN FEDERATION", framed on both sides with double diamonds, under the coat of arms: on the left – the designations of precious metal and alloy samples, on the right – the content of chemically pure metal and the trademark of the mint, at the bottom in the center in three lines – the inscription "BANK RUSSIA", the denomination of the coin "3 RUBLES", the year of issue "2023"
relief image of the Vorontsov Palace and park against the background of the image of Ai-Petri Mountain made in the technique of laser matting, at the bottom – the silhouette of a seagull soaring above the sea waves made in relief; at the bottom of the circle – inscriptions framed with dots: "VORONTSOV PALACE", "REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA"
Vorontsov Palace in Alupka – one of the most famous and unusual architectural monuments of the Crimea – rises above the Black Sea surrounded by a magnificent park.
The Alupka Palace, a masterpiece of Romanticism architecture, was built for almost 20 years, from 1828 to 1848, by order of the powerful Governor-General of the Novorossiysk Territory, aristocrat and Anglomaniac Count Mikhail Semenovich Vorontsov. The Count himself chose a place for his Crimean residence on a picturesque stone promontory at the foot of Ai-Petri Mountain in the little-known Tatar village of Alupka. The Englishman Edward Blore, the author of Walter Scott's castle in Scotland, the court architect of the British crown, managed to organically fit the palace building into the surrounding landscape. In the architecture of the Vorontsov Palace, Blore combined different styles – English, Neo-Moorish and Gothic, paying tribute to the secular fashion of that time for the novels of Walter Scott and Oriental fairy tales.
The palace building is deployed in such a way that repeats the outlines of the visible mountains. It is surprising that the architect himself, who so accurately inscribed the building into the surrounding nature, never visited the Crimea, but used only numerous landscape sketches and relief drawings that were sent to him in England.
The resulting castle could well serve as an illustration for historical novels: five buildings, fortified with defensive towers, different in shape and height, are united by a multitude of open and closed passages, stairs and courtyards.
The construction was carried out from a local stone of a greenish-gray color – diabase, which is not inferior in strength to basalt, which was taken from natural placers in Alupka. When processing it, considerable efforts were required, since complex decorations of the exterior of the house could spoil one wrong blow with a chisel. Therefore, Russian stonecutters who built white-stone temples in Central Russia were invited for the most difficult stone-cutting works.
The palace was one of the first in Russia to be equipped with hot water and sewerage.
The English park of the palace is the work of the German horticulturist–botanist Karl Kebach, whom Vorontsov invited to the Crimea in 1824, when there was no project of the palace itself. He eagerly set about creating the park, taking into account the relief, climate and local flora, combining, however, everything with the latest achievements of landscape art. About 200 species of trees and bushes were brought here from all over the world. Parcels with seeds and seedlings came from America, Italy, the Caucasus, Karelia, China and Japan.
Karl Kebach clearly planned the park on the principle of an amphitheater. The coastal highway (Yalta – Simeiz) divides the park into Upper and Lower. The lower park is decorated in the style of Italian Renaissance gardens with fountains, marble sculptures, Byzantine columns, vases and stone benches. The upper one was created on the principle of English landscape parks of the Romantic era – more natural and natural: rocky fragments, shady ponds and preserved areas of the Crimean forest are interspersed with picturesque glades, a unique system of lakes, waterfalls, cascades and grottoes.
A carefully thought–out drainage system and individual plant care have done their job - many, even very rare and whimsical plants are well rooted. In total, 250 species of trees and shrubs grew on the territory of the park by the end of the XIX century. The plants of Vorontsov Park were so popular that the seedlings were even sold on the side, to other gardens and estates.
The glory of Vorontsov Park as a masterpiece of landscape architecture was strengthened by the artists who worked here on sketches: Isaac Levitan, Vasily Surikov, Aristarchus Lentulov. And parks, gardens and vineyards owned by Count Mikhail Vorontsov and his relatives – Naryshkin and Potocki, completely changed the appearance of the coast from Alushta to Foros